Week 1- Trade Terms

· Accident - an unplanned event that results in personal injury or property damage.

· Arc welding - a technique in which metals are welded using the heat generated by an electric arc.

· Brazing - form, fix, or join by soldering with an alloy of copper and zinc at high temperature.

· Combustible - able to catch fire and burn easily.

· Competent person - one who is capable of identifying existing and predictable hazards in the surroundings or working conditions which are unsanitary, hazardous, or dangerous to employees, and who has authorization to take prompt corrective measures to eliminate them.

· Confined spaces - a space that meets these criteria: 1) being large enough for an employee to enter and perform work; 2) has limited or restricted means for entry or exit; and 3) is not designed for continuous occupancy.

· Cross-bracing - any system of bracing by means of cross struts or ties; specifically : cross bridging.

· Excavation - any man-made cut, cavity, trench, or depression in the earth's surface formed by earth removal.

· Flammable - easily set on fire.

· Flash burn - a burn caused by sudden intense heat, as from a nuclear explosion.

· Flash point - a place, event, or time at which trouble, such as violence or anger, flares up.

· Ground - refers to a conductive body, usually the earth.

· Ground fault circuit interrupter (GFCI) - a device whose function is to interrupt the electric circuit to load when a fault current to ground exceeds some predetermined value, that is less than that required to operate the over-current protective device of the supply circuit

· Guarded - to protect the machine operator and other employees in the work area from hazards created by ingoing nip points, rotating parts, flying chips and sparks.

· Hand line - any of several comparatively simple arrangements of hooks and line designed for use in the hands.

· Hazard communication standard (HAZCOM) - is a U.S. regulation that governs the evaluation and communication of hazards associated with chemicals in the workplace.

· Hydraulic - denoting, relating to, or operated by a liquid moving in a confined space under pressure.

· Incident - an unplanned, undesired event that adversely affects completion of a task.

· Lanyards - means a rope, suitable for supporting one person. One end is fastened to a safety belt or harness and the other end is secured to a substantial object or a safety line.

· Lockout/tagout (LOTO) - necessary to disable machinery or equipment to prevent hazardous energy release.

· Management system - One of the most effective ways to reduce workplace hazards and injuries is through a comprehensive, proactive safety and health.

· Maximum intended load - total load of all persons, equipment, tools, materials, transmitted loads, and other loads reasonably anticipated to be applied to a scaffold or scaffold component at any time.

· Midrail – Rail a control line or by any other means that restricts access.

· Occupational Safety and Health Administration (OSHA) - s an agency of the United States Department of Labor. Congress established the agency under the Occupational Safety and Health Act, which President Richard M. Nixon signed into law on December 29, 1970.

· Permit-required confined space - a confined space that has one or more of the following characteristics: contains or has the potential to contain a hazardous atmosphere; contains material that has the potential to engulf an entrant; has walls that converge inward or floors that slope downward and taper into a smaller area which could trap or asphyxiate an entrant; or contains any other recognized safety or health hazard, such as unguarded machinery, exposed live wires, or heat stress.

· Personal protective equipment (PPE) - is equipment worn to minimize exposure to a variety of hazards. Examples include items such as gloves, foot and eye protection, protective hearing protection (earplugs, muffs), hard hats and respirators.

· Planked – decked scaffold.

· Pneumatic - a pressure source by means of compressed air.

· Proximity work - mean that emergency care must be available within no more than 3-4 minutes from the workplace.

· Qualified person - by possession of a recognized degree, certificate, or professional standing, or who by extensive knowledge, training and experience, has successfully demonstrated his ability to solve or resolve problems relating to the subject matter, the work, or the project.

· Respirator - air-purifying filter, cartridge or canister that removes specific air contaminants by passing ambient air through the air-purifying element.

· Safety culture - everyone feels responsible for safety and pursues it on a daily basis; employees go beyond the “call of duty” to identify unsafe conditions and behaviors, and intervene to correct them.

· Safety data sheet (SDS) - is a detailed informational document prepared by the manufacturer or importer of a hazardous chemical. It describes the physical and chemical properties of the product.

· Scaffold - means any temporary elevated platform (supported or suspended) and its supporting structure (including points of anchorage), used for supporting employees or materials or both.

· Shielding - protects workers by using trench boxes or other types of supports to prevent soil cave-ins.

· Shoring - requires installing aluminum hydraulic or other types of supports to prevent soil movement and cave-ins.

· Signaler - point of operation is not in full view of the Operator.

· Six-foot rule - Each employee on a walking/working surface (horizontal and vertical surface) with an unprotected side or edge which is 6 feet or more above a lower level shall be protected from falling by the use of guardrail systems, safety net systems, or personal fall arrest systems.

· Spoil – excavated dirt/spoil pile.

· Toeboard - A vertical barrier at floor level erected along exposed edges of a floor opening, wall opening, platform, runway or ramp to prevent falls of materials.

· Top rail – handrail, the uppermost horizontal member of a unit of framing, such as a door or a sash.

· Trench - a narrow underground excavation that is deeper than it is wide, and is no wider than 15 feet (4.5 meters).

· Welding curtain - create customized spaces designated specifically for welding operations. They can also reduce noise levels throughout the building, contain high temperatures from welding flames to one space, keep welding fumes from spreading and, ultimately, keep welders safe from harm.

· Wind sock – Determines wind direction.